Why a small bite from a wild animal can become fatal

Rabies is a fatal infection of the central nervous system that becomes incurable once clinical symptoms appear. The virus is primarily transmitted through the saliva of infected animals, including foxes, wolves, hedgehogs, and bats. Unvaccinated domestic dogs and cats also pose a significant risk to their owners. Symptoms and Immediate Action The incubation period may begin with flu-like symptoms, such as a low-grade fever, headache, and discomfort at the site of the wound. Patients may also experience insomnia, depression, or unexplained anxiety. As the disease progresses, it manifests as hydrophobia—a severe fear of water—accompanied by hallucinations, photophobia, and spasms. The final stage leads to paralysis and respiratory failure. Immediate action is critical following contact with a suspicious animal. The affected area should be washed with soap for at least 15 minutes, as the alkaline environment helps destroy the virus's envelope, followed by treatment with alcohol or iodine. According to Svetlana Belkina, deputy chief physician at the Penza Regional Center for Public Health and Medical Prevention, the only way to survive is emergency vaccination consisting of six injections, which must be administered before the virus reaches the brain.