Human brain uses theta oscillations to structure fragrance data during active sniffing

Neurobiologists from Northwestern University have identified a common mechanism for the conscious processing of smells in both humans and rodents. The research demonstrates that when an individual purposefully sniffs, the brain employs specific activity rhythms to structure scent information without requiring repeated inhalations. Motor Control and Olfactory Rhythms The researchers used two distinct experimental approaches to determine how smell is processed. In the first study, scientists monitored mice using a multi-video fixation system to track movements. They observed that when evaluating food, rodents transition from rapid, superficial sniffing to a single precise inhalation synchronized with head and paw movements. This behavior is managed by the brain's motor cortex. When the area responsible for voluntary movement was blocked, the animals stopped performing conscious checks of the food, despite their olfactory functions remaining intact.